Understanding the difference between a Single-Phase vs a Three-Phase Generator

Written by MSerrano on

Without prior electrical knowledge, it can be difficult to understand what type of generator suits your needs best. The following information provides an outline of the differences between single-phase and three-phase generators to help determine what is suited to your needs.


How do Single-Phase and Three-Phase Generators Work?

A single-phase generator is powered by one conductor and one neutral wire and will typically produce 230V or 240V. These are generally used where a lighter load of power is needed - this is based on the appliances and types of equipment which will be powered by the generator.

Alternatively, three-phase generators are powered by three conductors and one neutral wire. These wires equalize and maintain power for more vigorous usage, with a voltage of 400V or 415V. This level of power is required for larger pieces of equipment such as electric motors. Items that require continuous power are more likely to need a three-phase generator. There must be an equal power distribution on three-phase generators, as an uneven flow of power can cause damage to both the generator and anything connected to it. This can sometimes make three-phase generators not suitable for smaller loads such as residential backup unless it can be ensured the loads stay balanced across the three phases.


When to choose a Single-Phase Generator?

Single-phase generators are an effective source of power supply, often at a lower cost. They are generally small and compact but can range in physical size and KVA (kilovolt-ampere) and are ideal for supplying temporary power during a power outage. They are also useful in situations where a constant supply of high current is not necessary or available, as can be the case in some rural areas or for loads such as site sheds on a building site.

Single-phase generators are generally used for powering lights, small appliances or other devices which require only a small load. They are generally used in residential settings, however, can also be utilised in other settings including recreation. Click here to buy single-phase generators


When to choose a Three-Phase Generator?

Three-phase generators are often priced at a higher cost, but depending on the given circumstances they can be more cost-effective in the long run. They are the number one choice for commercial and industrial applications as they can have a much higher capacity. 

The industries that require three-phase generators include companies that need consistent, continuous and higher current power which cannot be compromised. These include;

  • Health and aged care facilities
  • Manufacturers of food and beverages  
  • Agricultural industries that use power tools and different types of machinery
  • Buildings, such as skyscrapers, consume a large amount of power
  • Government and data centres that collect records or documents

Although three-phased generators are not generally used in residential areas, it is not uncommon for some homes to use this kind of backup power. This does however depend on whether or not the supply is a balanced load and would require the installing electrician to properly assess the expected loads for suitability. Click here to buy three-phase generators


18kW Kompak Single-Phase
Generator (DG18KSEm)		27.5kVA Cummins Three-Phase 
Generator (C28D5)		33kVA Maxigen Three-Phase 
Generator (TP33L)


Knowing your power requirements is essential in choosing the right generator for you. 
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Above are just some of the factors to consider when choosing between single and three-phase generators. Remember to choose a generator that is at least 20% higher in capacity than your estimated wattage needs. This can help to lower fuel consumption as well as likely improve the lifespan of the generator.

It is important to ensure that you receive electrical advice prior to the purchase and application of a generator in order to ensure you are purchasing the correct size and configuration for your needs.

Our highly experienced sales team will be more than happy to assist you to discuss the best power solution for you! Contact us anywhere, anytime!